An interplay of health risk factors
Metabolic syndrome is not a specific disease, but an interplay of several risk factors that reinforce one another. A raised blood sugar level can lead to insulin resistance and thus to diabetes. It also disrupts fat metabolism, so that triglycerides in the blood rise. This affects cholesterol levels: HDL cholesterol, called “good cholesterol” because of its favourable effect on fat breakdown, falls – and the blood fat level rises further.
Too much sugar and fat in the blood lead to hardening of the arteries, and arterial high blood pressure develops. Through arteriosclerosis the blood vessels narrow; if the high blood pressure progresses, tissues and organs no longer receive a proper blood supply. This can lead to cardiovascular disease and organ damage. If the heart is no longer supplied with enough oxygen, a heart attack can result, and in the brain a stroke.